Product details
What is PAC?
PAC (Poly Aluminium Chloride) is a widely used coagulant and flocculant in water treatment. Many people often ask: “What is PAC?”, “What is flocculant PAC?”, or “What is poly aluminium chloride?”. In fact, all these questions refer to the same chemical: PAC.
Chemical formula: [Al₂(OH)nCl₆₋ₙ]m
PAC is used in drinking water treatment, wastewater treatment, and aquaculture, helping to coagulate suspended solids and remove organic compounds, bacteria, and viruses from water.
PAC typically contains 28–32% aluminum, providing highly efficient coagulation without harming the environment. Today, PAC is widely produced and used in Asia as a full replacement for aluminum sulfate (alum).
PAC is available in powder and liquid forms, with differences in color and chemical properties:
- Powder PAC: Light yellow to ivory color, fully soluble in water, long shelf life under normal storage conditions.
- Liquid PAC: Brownish-yellow, usually stored in plastic bottles or cans for extended preservation.
PAC can remove both dissolved and suspended organic matter and heavy metals more effectively than alum.
Technical Specifications
| Property | Specification |
|---|---|
| Main component | Poly Aluminium Chloride (Aln(OH)mCl₍₃ₙ₋ₘ₎) |
| Form | Powder (light yellow/lemon yellow) or liquid |
| Al₂O₃ content | Powder: 28–31%; Liquid: 10–18% |
| Solubility | Rapidly soluble in water |
| Effective pH range | 6.0 – 8.5 |
| Mechanism | Charge neutralization + adsorption – bridging flocs |
Applications of PAC
Industrial wastewater treatment:
- Paint, plating, textile wastewater
- Food processing, seafood wastewater
- Paper, printing wastewater
Drinking water and water supply:
- Clarification, turbidity and color removal, suspended solids reduction
Domestic wastewater treatment:
- Assists coagulation – floc formation in primary settling tanks
Ponds and surface water treatment
Advantages of PAC 31%
- Increases water clarity, extends filtration cycles, and improves post-filtration water quality.
- Partially neutralized aluminum chloride in PAC reduces abrupt pH drop, simplifying pH adjustment and saving chemicals and equipment compared to alum.
- Optimal performance at pH 6.5–8.5, where heavy metal ions coagulate efficiently.
- Reduces corrosion of equipment.
- Easy transportation, storage, and dosing.
- Highly soluble in water at any concentration.
- Settling efficiency 4–5 times higher than alum.
- Fast coagulation, low dosage, large floc formation.
- Simple operation with minimal or no additional chemicals required.
PAC Usage Instructions
- Prepare a 5–10% PAC solution and dose into the water source.
- Dosage for soft water treatment: 1–10 g/m³ PAC (depending on raw water turbidity).
- Dosage for industrial wastewater treatment (paper mills, textile factories, seafood processing, food plants, slaughterhouses, domestic wastewater, etc.): 20–200 g/m³, depending on the wastewater characteristics.
